Chapter 13: States of Matter
In this chapter, we explore the behavior of gases, liquids, and solids on a particle level. You’ll learn how kinetic molecular theory explains motion and collisions, how temperature and pressure affect particle behavior, and why gases are compressible while solids aren’t. We’ll also cover diffusion, phase changes, and why ice floats. It’s all about how matter moves—and what makes it change.
Chapter 14: Gases
This chapter focuses entirely on gases and the laws that describe how they behave. You’ll learn how pressure, volume, and temperature are connected through Boyle’s, Charles’s, and the combined gas law. We’ll also dive into ideal gases, real gases, and how to use the ideal gas law to solve problems. Whether you’re inflating a balloon or studying the atmosphere, this chapter explains how gases respond when the conditions change.
Chapter 15: Solutions
This chapter explores how energy flows during chemical and physical changes. You’ll learn the difference between endothermic and exothermic processes, how to calculate heat using specific heat and calorimetry, and how energy changes relate to chemical reactions. It’s all about tracking the energy that makes reactions go—and understanding why some changes release heat while others soak it up.
Chapter 16: Energy and Chemical Change
In this chapter, you’ll explore what makes a chemical reaction go fast, slow, or not at all. We’ll look at collision theory, activation energy, and how factors like temperature, concentration, surface area, and catalysts affect the speed of a reaction. By the end, you’ll understand not just what happens in a reaction—but how fast it happens and why that matters.
Chapter 17: Reaction Rates
This chapter focuses on what happens when chemical reactions don’t go all the way to completion. You’ll learn how reactions can shift back and forth, how to write equilibrium expressions, and how changes in concentration, temperature, or pressure affect the balance of a system. With Le Châtelier’s Principle as your guide, you’ll predict how equilibrium responds to stress—just like a chemist (or a teacher in May).
Chapter 18: Chemical Equilibrium
This chapter is all about acids and bases—what they are, how they behave, and how we measure them. You’ll learn to identify strong vs. weak acids and bases, use pH and pOH calculations, and understand how neutralization reactions work. Whether it’s lemon juice or soap, this chapter helps explain why substances feel or taste the way they do—and how to balance them in chemical reactions.
Mrs. Ederington 